徳島文理大学

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徳島文理大学短期大学部

【科目名】    英語音声学�� (English Phonetics I)

科目番号11914担当教員名Edward George Wailling単位2単位
科目群専門必修・選択必修開講期前期 対象年次1年
授業概要
発音は　言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。発音は　言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。英語を母国語としない人の中には、英語圏の国に長期間住んでいても、まだ発音が苦手な人がいます。他の英語学習者はほとんど努力せずに英語の発音を習得しているようで、中には英語圏の国にまったく行かなくても英語の発音を習得できる人もいます。なぜのかは誰にもわかりません。 しかし、年齢やそれまでの語学学習経験や,
「音楽性」の感覚が要因であると考えられています。そしてもちろん、リスニングとスピーキングを十分に行っていれば、発音がより早く改善される可能性があります。それが、教室の内外でできるだけ多くの英語を話すことが非常に重要である理由です。General American や Received Pronunciation（RP） などネイティブのように発音する必要があるかどうか、疑問に思われるかもしれません。ただ、「ネイティブ」という用語は誤解を招くものです。英語圏の国には多くの地域で標準モデルとは異なるアクセントや方言があるという事実を隠しているからです。さらに、世界中で英語を母国語とする人よりも英語を母国語としない人の方が多いのです。英語を意思疎通のための言語として、英語を母国語としない人々に使う可能性が高いです。英語は普遍言語として、話者の母国語を反映したさまざまなアクセントで話されています。このように、ネイティブまたは標準発音という用語は、やや誤解を招くと思います。重要なことは、アクセントは人々の文化とアイデンティティに関係があるということで、英語のネイティブのしゃべりかたを真似し、自分のもともとのアクセントを失うことで違和感を感じるかもしれません。したがって、自分のアクセントを完全に変える必要はありません。良い発音をするには「Comfortable intelligibility」（心地よい明瞭性）を目指すことです。つまり、あなたの発音を聞いている人が、最小限のストレスであなたの言うことを理解できる、ということです。結論として、この授業の主な目標は　「Comfortable Intelligibility」（心地よい明瞭性）です。発音を学ぶことは個人的なモチベーションや　言語環境および言語経験に影響されるので、人によって異なります。しかし、生活の中で　効果的にコミュニケーションする　　ために大切なものの一つです。
到達目標
1)知識 (Knowledge) Sentence and word stress, intonation and connected speech
2)態度 (Attitude) To understand that pronuciation is an ongoing process that takes time and effort to improve. 発音は言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。発音を良くするためには多くの時間や努力が必要です。

3）技能 (Skills) Comfortable Intelligibility （心地よい明瞭性）
4）思考　(Thinking) As a global language, English and is spoken in a wide variety of accents reflecting speakers\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' first languages. 英語は普遍言語として、話者の母国語を反映したさまざまなアクセントで話されています。
授業計画授業形態授業時間外学習
【1】Course introductions and expectations1. Seating plans
2. Teacher Information
3. Learning objectives
4. Class rules
5. Paperwork and homework 		Homework: 1) Prepare a clear plastic file.
2) Fill out the handout entitled \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Pieces of me\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'.
3) Report: Ｗhat is Comfortable Intelligibility？（Please write 30 words on Microsoft word and print out for next lesson)
【2】Syllables: part 11)Collect HW
2) Rewrite last lessons work
3)tongue twister 1#
4) Dictation 1#
5) Syllables memo
6) Syllable sorting
7) Homework		Homework: 1) practice and memorize today\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s tongue twister 2) Syllable sorting HO
【3】Syllables: part 21) Mini-test: write last lessons tongue twister and how many syllable are in it (pair-work ok)
Collect homework and return last lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homework
2) Copy the \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Comfortable Intelligibility\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' PPT slide onto back of last lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homework
3) Tongue Twister #2
4) Dictation #3
5) Syllable memo #2
6) Syllable sorting 		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【4】Syllables: part 3 1) Homework check.
2)Tongue-twister #3
3) Dictation: Connected Speech #3
4) Write syllable-stress memo
%) Syllable practice		Homework: 1) Write out syllable stress in words using. HO 2) Highlight two syllable words and three syllables words in text on HO.
【5】Syllables: part 4 1) Homework check.
2) Tongue-twister #4
3) Dictation: Connected speech #4
4) Write syllable-stress memo
5) Play top-trumps
6) Assign homework		Homework: 1) Write out syllable stress in numbers using HO. 2) Cut out and sort words into groups based into syllable number groups.
【6】Syllableｓ: part 51) Homework check.
2) Write a memo about Syllables and numbers
3) Play Top Trumps
4) Write a memo about syllable counting
5) Student play syllable scattergories
6) Assign homework		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【7】Syllables review1) Dictation
2) Recap numbers, dates and syllables
3）Top Trumps #2
4) finish Scattergories activity 		Homework:1) Complete the syllable stress HO
【8】Sentence-stress 1) review tongue-twister #1
2) Dictation
3) Introduce Sentence Stress (memo)
4) Complete sentence-stress handout
5) Extension work (categories)		Review classwork
【9】Sentence-stress and sentence rhythm. 1) Review Syllables (memo on back of HO)
2) Syllable-counting#2
3) Emphatic stress review (memo on back of HO)
4) Complete emphatic stress handout#2
5) Sentence Rhythm memo (on back of HO)
6) Sentence Rhythm handout#1
5) Supplementary work (scattergories) 		Review classwork
【10】Connected Speech1) Sylllable sorting #3
2) Review Emphatic stress (memo on back of HO)
3) Emphatic stress HO #3
4) Review sentence Rhythm (memo on back of HO)
5) Sentence Rhythm handout #2
5) Connected speech (memo on back of HO)
6) Connected Speech worksheet #1		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【11】Connected Speech review1) review tongue twister #2
2) Syllable counting
2) Dictation
3) Review connected speech
4) Connected speech #2		Teacher provided acitivities
【12】Intonation1) online activitiesHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【13】Intonation review1) Syllable sentence writing #1
2) Connected Speech #3 with mini recap
3) Intonation memo #1
4) Intonation dialogue worksheet #1		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【14】Review: What is comfortable intelligibility?1) Syllable sentence writing #2
2) Sentence Rhythm #3
3) Intonation memo #2
4) Intonation worksheet #2
5) Introduce test text 		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【15】final Review: The parts of comfortable intelligibility1) Final dictation and mini connected speech recap
2) Memo and final syllable count# 5
3) Mini recap and emphaitic stress #4
4) Mini recap and intonation #3
4) Final task: audio recording of a reading of select text		　
評価方法
Assessment :
Scores from syllable stress test from classes (25%) Reading test (75%)
教科書
NA
参考図書
NA
備考
Assitant Langauge Teacher of English in Japan (5 years) Elementary School Teacher in The United Kingdom (2 years) English Teacher at university (5 years)
オフィスアワー　月曜4講時、中央研究棟5階、514号室