徳島文理大学

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徳島文理大学短期大学部

【科目名】    英語音声学�� (English Phonetics II)

科目番号11916担当教員名Edward George Wailling単位2単位
科目群専門必修・選択必修開講期後期 対象年次1年
授業概要
発音は　言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。発音は　言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。英語を母国語としない人の中には、英語圏の国に長期間住んでいても、まだ発音が苦手な人がいます。他の英語学習者はほとんど努力せずに英語の発音を習得しているようで、中には英語圏の国にまったく行かなくても英語の発音を習得できる人もいます。なぜのかは誰にもわかりません。 しかし、年齢やそれまでの語学学習経験や,
「音楽性」の感覚が要因であると考えられています。そしてもちろん、リスニングとスピーキングを十分に行っていれば、発音がより早く改善される可能性があります。それが、教室の内外でできるだけ多くの英語を話すことが非常に重要である理由です。General American や Received Pronunciation（RP） などネイティブのように発音する必要があるかどうか、疑問に思われるかもしれません。ただ、「ネイティブ」という用語は誤解を招くものです。英語圏の国には多くの地域で標準モデルとは異なるアクセントや方言があるという事実を隠しているからです。さらに、世界中で英語を母国語とする人よりも英語を母国語としない人の方が多いのです。英語を意思疎通のための言語として、英語を母国語としない人々に使う可能性が高いです。英語は普遍言語として、話者の母国語を反映したさまざまなアクセントで話されています。このように、ネイティブまたは標準発音という用語は、やや誤解を招くと思います。重要なことは、アクセントは人々の文化とアイデンティティに関係があるということで、英語のネイティブのしゃべりかたを真似し、自分のもともとのアクセントを失うことで違和感を感じるかもしれません。したがって、自分のアクセントを完全に変える必要はありません。良い発音をするには「Comfortable intelligibility」（心地よい明瞭性）を目指すことです。つまり、あなたの発音を聞いている人が、最小限のストレスであなたの言うことを理解できる、ということです。結論として、この授業の主な目標は　「Comfortable Intelligibility」（心地よい明瞭性）です。発音を学ぶことは個人的なモチベーションや　言語環境および言語経験に影響されるので、人によって異なります。しかし、生活の中で　効果的にコミュニケーションする　　ために大切なものの一つです。
到達目標
1)知識 (Knowledge) Sentence and word stress, intonation and connected speech
2)態度 (Attitude) To understand that pronuciation is an ongoing process that takes time and effort to improve. 発音は　言語を学ぶことの中で一番難しいスキルの一つです。発音を良くするためには多くの時間や努力が必要です。
3）技能 (Skills) Comfortable Intelligibility （心地よい明瞭性）
4）思考　(Thinking) As a global language, English and is spoken in a wide variety of accents reflecting speakers\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' first languages. 英語は普遍言語として、話者の母国語を反映したさまざまなアクセントで話されています。
授業計画授業形態授業時間外学習
【1】introductions & expectatations1) Basic class information (memo)
2) 3 Key Messages (memo)
3) Basic Parts of English
4) Explain homework		Homework: 1) prepare plastic file 2) fill out title page for file 3) Read Japanese photocopies from the pronunciation guide and answer comprehension questions at the end.
【2】Rhythm (リズム）1）Collect Homework
2) Syllable counting
3) Homework answers
4) Lecture about rhythm
5) Listen to contemporary music and highlight examples of rhythm (Harry Styles)
6) Writing practice		Homework: 1. learn the syllable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【3】Rhythm (リズム）#21）Re-write lesson\\\\\\\'s work about Harry Styles
2) Syllable counting
3) Lecture about rhythm: pronouns
5) Listen to contemporary music and highlight examples of rhythm (The Weeknd)
6) Writing practice		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【4】Rhythm (リズム）#3）Re-write lesson\\\\\\\'s work about The Weeknd
2) Syllable counting
3) Lecture about rhythm: pronouns
5) Listen to contemporary music and highlight examples of rhythm (Post Malone)
6) Writing practice		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【5】Rhythm (リズム）#41) Listen to last lesson\'s song and cut up top trumps
2) Top Trumps CH2: memo regarding pronunciation
3) Rhythm: aux verbs, be
4) Listen to Jungkook and highlight examples
5) Return last lesson\'s question work and write about this week\'s song.		Homework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【6】Describing appearences1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【7】Talking about smartphones1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【8】Talking about money1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【9】Talking about clothes1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【10】Check 21) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【11】Talking about the past1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【12】Talking about the future1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【13】Check 31) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【14】Review: What is sentence/words stress and intonation? 1) Homework check. 2) Word Stress test. 3) Dictation 4) listen to model dialogue and and anotate pronunciation features 5) assign next lesson\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s homeworkHomework: 1. learn the sylable stress patterns of words. 2) Do 25 mins of shadowing practice daily and fill out practice-tracker.
【15】Test: 1) students read aloud one of the dialogues from the previous classes. Students are assessed for use of intonation, sentence stress, connected speech and weak forms.　
評価方法
Assessment :
Scores from syllable stress test from classes (25%) Reading test (75%)
教科書
NA
参考図書
NA
備考
Assitant Langauge Teacher of English in Japan (5 years) Elementary School Teacher in The United Kingdom (2 years) English Teacher at university (5 years)
オフィスアワー　月曜4講時、中央研究棟5階、514号室